UPPER

Syntax

Description of the illustration upper.gif

Purpose

UPPER returns char, with all letters uppercase. char can be any of the data types CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR, NVARCHAR2, CLOB, or NCLOB. The return value is the same data type as char. The database sets the case of the characters based on the binary mapping defined for the underlying character set. For linguistic-sensitive uppercase, refer to NLS_UPPER.

Examples

The following example returns each employee's last name in uppercase:

SELECT UPPER(last_name) "Uppercase"
   FROM employees;